TPU and Flexible Filaments: Where Are They Used?

TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) is a material that enables printing with rubber-like flexibility. The degree of flexibility is measured by the Shore hardness value: 85A gives a very soft feel, while 95A produces a semi-flexible structure.

Typical applications include phone cases, gaskets, vibration dampeners, wheels, straps, and wearable parts. Its abrasion resistance is excellent; it withstands drops, twisting, and repeated loading.

Printing TPU requires patience: because flexible filament can buckle and jam at high feed rates, it must be printed slowly (20–40 mm/s) using a direct-drive extruder. With the right settings, TPU enables functions that no other material can provide.